DBMS > MySQL vs. NuoDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. TiDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison MySQL vs. NuoDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. TiDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used open source RDBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.89
Rank	#198	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Score	4.75
Rank	#68	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

www.mysql.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.scylladb.com

pingcap.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

dev.mysql.com/doc

doc.nuodb.com

docs.scylladb.com

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

ScyllaDB

PingCAP, Inc.

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

1995

2013

2015

2016

2010

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

8.0.0, March 2024

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Go, Rust

Java, C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

cluster global secondary indices

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Java, SQL

yes, Lua

Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

full support since version 6.6

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

MVCC

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

yes

in-memory tables

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.