DBMS > etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. MonetDB vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. eXtremeDB vs. MonetDB vs. SpaceTime vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.05
Rank	#53	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	0.79
Rank	#212	Overall
	#100	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#135	Overall
	#62	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.mcobject.com

www.monetdb.org

www.mireo.com/spacetime

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

docs.stardog.com

Developer

McObject

MonetDB BV

Mireo

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2001

2004

2020

2010

Current release

3.4, August 2019

8.2, 2021

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C#
C++
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, in SQL, C, R

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

by defining events

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning / sharding

Sharding via remote tables

Fixed-grid hypercubes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Access rights for users and roles

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