DBMS > Milvus vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#316	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#287	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

ydb.tech/en/docs

Developer

Snowflake Computing Inc.

DataChemist Ltd.

PingCAP, Inc.

Yandex

Initial release

2019

2014

2018

2016

2019

Current release

2.3.4, January 2024

11.0.0, January 2023

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++, Go

Prolog, Rust

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Graph Partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Journaling Streams

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Role-based access control

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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