DBMS > Milvus vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

Document store

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.23
Rank	#316	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Score	4.25
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Snowflake Computing Inc.

DataChemist Ltd.

PingCAP, Inc.

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2019

2014

2018

2016

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

2.3.4, January 2024

11.0.0, January 2023

8.1.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++, Go

Prolog, Rust

Go, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

hosted

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Graph Partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Journaling Streams

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Role-based access control

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

One busy week to go before Trino Fest 2024
6 June 2024

60: Trino calling AI
22 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.