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DBMS > Milvus vs. OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Milvus vs. OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneWidely used in-process key-value storeA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelVector DBMSSearch engineKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Graph DBMS
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score16.36
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitemilvus.iogithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlsurrealdb.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdopensearch.org/­docs/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperAmazon Web ServicesOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSurrealDB LtdWeaviate B.V.
Initial release20192021199420222019
Current release2.3.4, January 20242.5.0, January 202318.1.40, May 2020v1.5.0, May 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availableOpen SourceOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
  • STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Implementation languageC++, GoJavaC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)RustGo
Server operating systemsLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
All OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-freeyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateVector, Numeric and Stringyesnoyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like query languageGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnono
Triggersnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
MilvusOpenSearchOracle Berkeley DBSurrealDBWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more
Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more
Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more
As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesAiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
MilvusOpenSearchOracle Berkeley DBSurrealDBWeaviate
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