DBMS > OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison OpenSearch vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. SurrealDB vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Widely used in-process key-value store

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Search engine

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Document store
Graph DBMS

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Website

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

surrealdb.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

surrealdb.com/docs

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Amazon Web Services

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

SurrealDB Ltd

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2021

1994

2022

2019

Current release

2.5.0, January 2023

18.1.40, May 2020

v1.5.0, May 2024

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

Java

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

SQL-like query language

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes, based on authentication and database rules

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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