DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. mSQL vs. RDF4J vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

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Trend Chart

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1.27
Rank	#167	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

hughestech.com.au/products/msql

rdf4j.org

terminusdb.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Microsoft

Hughes Technologies

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

DataChemist Ltd.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1989

1994

2004

2018

1998

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

4.4, October 2021

11.0.0, January 2023

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free licenses can be provided

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

GPL V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

no subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Graph Partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

Journaling Streams

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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