DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Website

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

origodb.com/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Microsoft

Robert Friberg et al

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Trino Software Foundation

Vaticle

Initial release

1989

2009

under the name LiveDB

2004

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2016

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net

Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

none

depending on connected data-source

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

none

depending on connected data-source

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

depending on model

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Write ahead log

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

depending on connected data-source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based authorization

SQL standard access control

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

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Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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