DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#98	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

spark.apache.org/sql

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Apache Software Foundation

Rocket Software

Initial release

2016

1989

2004

2014

1985

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

C#
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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