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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. PostgreSQL vs. Teradata Aster

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.04
Rank#77  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTeradata
Initial release201620121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2005
Current release16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemshostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.R packages
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDoptimistic lockingACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMicrosoft Azure Table StoragePostgreSQLTeradata Aster
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