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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Titan vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Titan vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.16
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score1.67
Rank#151  Overall
#70  Relational DBMS
Score5.10
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score0.81
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#99  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titantrino.iotypedb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikitrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
typedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesAurelius, owned by DataStaxTrino Software FoundationVaticle
Initial release2019199420122012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL2016
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 20212.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesdepending on connected data-sourceyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyesyes, depending on connected data-sourceno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backendsdepending on connected data-sourceSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneyesdepending on connected data-sourceMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics enginenoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
depending on connected data-sourceImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDdepending on connected data-sourceACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastdepending on connected data-sourceyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerSQL standard access controlyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLTitanTrinoTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTrino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosPerformant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersTrino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTrino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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