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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. SurrealDB vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. SurrealDB vs. TerarkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlsurrealdb.comgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersurrealdb.com/­docsbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesSurrealDB LtdByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release2019199420222016
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 2021v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCRustC++
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
none
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationnoyes, based on authentication and database rulesno

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLSurrealDBTerarkDB
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