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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splice Machine vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Splice Machine vs. Stardog vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and SparkEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#250  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersplicemachine.comwww.stardog.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersplicemachine.com/­how-it-worksdocs.stardog.comdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperMicrosoftSplice MachineStardog-UnionTimescale
Initial release2019201420102017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.1, March 20217.3.0, May 20202.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes infoJavauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javauser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioningnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkYes, via Full Spark Integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerSplice MachineStardogTimescaleDB
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