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DBMS > etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. Sadas Engine vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RRDtool vs. Sadas Engine vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.SADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environmentsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.sadasengine.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftTobias OetikerSADAS s.r.l.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2019199920062014
Current release3.4, August 2019cloud service with continuous releases1.8.0, 20228.03.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSScommercial infofree trial version availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC++Scala
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedHP-UX
Linux
AIX
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possiblenono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonono
Triggersyes, watching key changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.nonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
etcdMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRRDtoolSadas EngineSpark SQL
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