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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Teradata vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. Teradata vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score41.47
Rank#22  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#40  Graph DBMS
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.teradata.comvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docsdocs.teradata.comvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncTeradataVelocityDB Inc
Initial release2019201419842011
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesTeradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 20197.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC#
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
hosted
Linux
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexednoyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash indexyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsyes infoSQL 2016 + extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
.Net
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallelno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding infoHashingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBTeradataVelocityDB
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More resources
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DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

We’re retiring Azure Time Series Insights on 7 July 2024 – transition to Azure Data Explorer
31 May 2024, Microsoft

Update records in a Kusto Database (public preview)
20 February 2024, Microsoft

Announcing General Availability to migrate Virtual Network injected Azure Data Explorer Cluster to Private Endpoints
5 February 2024, Microsoft

Announcing General Availability of Graph Semantics in Kusto
27 May 2024, Microsoft

General availability: Azure Data Explorer adds new geospatial capabilities
23 January 2024, Microsoft

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