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DBMS > dBASE vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison dBASE vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NamedBASE  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptiondBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score9.70
Rank#44  Overall
#28  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.dbase.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.dbase.com/­support/­knowledgebasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAsthon TateMicrosoftApache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release197920192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20142010
Current releasedBASE 2019, 2019cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 20183.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCScalaJava
Server operating systemsDOS infodBase Classic
Windows infodBase Pro
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionSQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsnone infoThe IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesdBase proprietary IDE.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresno infoThe IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infonot for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMSnoACID infoMVCCnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
dBASEMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLSpark SQLStardog
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