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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Prometheus vs. Stardog vs. VictoriaMetrics

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Prometheus vs. Stardog vs. VictoriaMetrics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVictoriaMetrics  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA fast, cost-effective and scalable Time Series DBMS and monitoring solution
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.32
Rank#162  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgprometheus.iowww.stardog.comvictoriametrics.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlprometheus.io/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.victoriametrics.com
github.com/­VictoriaMetrics/­VictoriaMetrics/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPStardog-UnionVictoriaMetrics
Initial release20192010201520102018
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 20247.3.0, May 2020v1.91, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
OpenBSD
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport of XML data possibleno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Graphite protocol
InfluxDB Line Protocol
OpenTSDB
Prometheus Query API
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksnoyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationyes infoby FederationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSynchronous replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationship in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablenoAccess rights for users and roles

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Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBPrometheusStardogVictoriaMetrics
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