this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.41
Rank	#159	Overall
	#3	Multivalue DBMS

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#130	Overall
	#22	Key-value stores

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-jbase

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.oracle.com/java/coherence

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?labelkey=jbase_5.9

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.oracle.com/en/middleware/standalone/coherence

help.sap.com/hana

Developer

Rocket Software (formerly Zumasys)

Microsoft

Oracle

SAP

Initial release

1991

2019

2007

2010

Current release

5.7

cloud service with continuous releases

14.1, August 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
Linux
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

optional

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Embedded SQL for jBASE in BASIC

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Basic
Jabbascript
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Live Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

yes, with selectable consistency level

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optionally

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Azure Active Directory Authentication

authentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authentication

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.