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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Splunk

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenSearch vs. Splunk

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonSplunk  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneAnalytics Platform for Big Data
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSearch engine
Vector DBMS
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.00
Rank#86  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score17.38
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Search engines
#2  Vector DBMS
Score71.39
Rank#18  Overall
#2  Search engines
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
www.splunk.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-exploreropensearch.org/­docs/­latestdocs.splunk.com/­Documentation/­Splunk
DeveloperMicrosoftThe OpenSearch Software FoundationSplunk Inc.
Initial release201920212003
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.19, February 2025
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited free edition and free developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageno infoSplunk Search Processing Language for search commands
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
C#
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesyes
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonono infoA 'Transaction' in Splunk has a different meaning: grouping related events into a single one for later searching
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenSearchSplunk
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