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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. OrientDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. MonetDB vs. OrientDB vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA relational database management system that stores data in columnsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#141  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.orgorientdb.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperMicrosoftMonetDB BVOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPApache Software Foundation
Initial release2019200420102014
Current releasecloud service with continuous releasesDec2023 (11.49), December 20233.2.29, March 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScala
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, in SQL, C, RJava, Javascriptno
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding via remote tablesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMonetDBOrientDBSpark SQL
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