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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Spark SQL vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.iospark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftApache Software FoundationAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20192016201920142012
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.4.4, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageC++C++, GoScalaJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexedyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnonoyes
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingyes, utilizing Spark Coreyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnonoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusSpark SQLTitan
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusSpark SQLTitan
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