DBMS > etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used open source RDBMS

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.64
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	29.85
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#344	Overall
	#34	Graph DBMS

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.mysql.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

dev.mysql.com/doc

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Initial release

2014

1995

2009

Current release

3.4, August 2019

8.3.0, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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