DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used open source RDBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.mysql.com

www.stardog.com

www.tigergraph.com

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.stardog.com

docs.tigergraph.com

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Stardog-Union

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2014

1995

2010

2017

1987

Current release

8.4.0, April 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C and C++

Java

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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