DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MonetDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#203	Overall
	#34	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org

spark.apache.org/sql

surrealdb.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Microsoft

MonetDB BV

Apache Software Foundation

SurrealDB Ltd

Initial release

2014

2004

2014

2022

Current release

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Scala

Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding via remote tables

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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