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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. Transbase

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceFully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.11
Rank#341  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.stardog.comwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.stardog.comwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftStardog-UnionTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release2014201920101987
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 2020Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
TriggersJavaScriptyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnoACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogTransbase
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