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DBMS > MaxDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. SWC-DB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison MaxDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. SWC-DB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column Database  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA high performance, scalable Wide Column DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.01
Rank#376  Overall
#13  Wide column stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitemaxdb.sap.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­kashirin-alex/­swc-db
www.swcdb.org
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Oracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software FoundationAlex KashirinOpenLink Software
Initial release19841994201420201998
Current release7.9.10.12, February 202418.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20230.5, April 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL V3Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)ScalaC++C
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyes infoonly for the SQL APInonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
MaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column DatabaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
MaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLSWC-DB infoSuper Wide Column DatabaseVirtuoso
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