DBMS > MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types

Primary database model

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	5.18
Rank	#63	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#7	Search engines

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.84
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.marklogic.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

ravendb.net

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.marklogic.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

ravendb.net/docs

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Hibernating Rhinos

Apache Software Foundation

Teradata

Initial release

2001

1989

2010

2014

2005

Current release

11.0, December 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

5.4, July 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

schema-free

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

defined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

in Aster File Store

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL92

yes

SQL-like query language (RQL)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

R packages

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

none

yes

Dimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

yes

SQL Map-Reduce Framework

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

ACID

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Authorization levels configured per client per database

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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