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DBMS > Lovefield vs. Pinecone vs. TiDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. Pinecone vs. TiDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA managed, cloud-native vector databaseTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#2  Vector DBMS
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.pinecone.iopingcap.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGooglePinecone Systems, IncPingCAP, Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release2014201920161998
Current release2.1.12, February 20178.1.0, May 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaScriptGo, RustC
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesString, Number, Booleanyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptPythonAda
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersUsing read-only observersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)yes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectoryes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDBnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LovefieldPineconeTiDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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