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DBMS > Lovefield vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websitegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2005
Current release2.1.12, February 20172.3.4, January 202416.3, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
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Implementation languageJavaScriptC++, GoCC++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
TriggersUsing read-only observersnoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
LovefieldMilvusPostgreSQLVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
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