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DBMS > Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Postgres-XL vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Postgres-XL vs. TerarkDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score5.52
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Search engines
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchwww.postgres-xl.orggithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftByteDance, originally TerarkOpenLink Software
Initial release201420152014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20161998
Current release2.1.12, February 2017V110 R1, October 20187.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licensecommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptCC++C
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafarihostedLinux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyes infodistributed, parallel query executionnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersUsing read-only observersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoMVCCnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDBnonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LovefieldMicrosoft Azure AI SearchPostgres-XLTerarkDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
LovefieldMicrosoft Azure AI SearchPostgres-XLTerarkDBVirtuoso
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