DBMS > Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	5.18
Rank	#63	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#7	Search engines

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

google.github.io/lovefield

www.marklogic.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.marklogic.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2014

2001

1989

2019

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

11.0, December 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL92

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes, with Range Indexes

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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