DBMS > Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. openGauss

System Properties Comparison Lovefield vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. openGauss

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	5.18
Rank	#63	Overall
	#11	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#7	Search engines

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

google.github.io/lovefield

www.progress.com/marklogic

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

Technical documentation

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.progress.com/marklogic/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

Developer

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Microsoft

Huawei and openGauss community

Initial release

2014

2001

2014

2019

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

11.0, December 2022

3.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

ANSI SQL 2011

APIs and other access methods

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

C
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

JavaScript

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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