DBMS > LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. Tkrzw vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. MySQL vs. Tkrzw vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Widely used open source RDBMS

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

Primary database model

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	24.97
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	1029.49
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#61	Key-value stores

Score	9.62
Rank	#42	Overall
	#26	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.mysql.com

dbmx.net/tkrzw

www.vertica.com

Technical documentation

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

dev.mysql.com/doc

vertica.com/documentation

Developer

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Mikio Hirabayashi

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Initial release

2014

1995

2020

2005

Current release

9.0.0, July 2024

0.9.3, August 2020

12.0.3, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

commercial

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Limited community edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

with proprietary extensions

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

APIs and other access methods

JavaScript API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

Supported programming languages

JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

JavaScript

yes

proprietary syntax

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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