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DBMS > LokiJS vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison LokiJS vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionIn-memory JavaScript DBMSOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformTypeDB provides developers with an expressive, customizable type system to manage their data using an award-winning query language, TypeQL, while building on a high-performance, distributed architecture.
Primary database modelDocument storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the graph database model.
Object oriented DBMS infoThe data model of TypeDB comprises object-oriented features such as class inheritance and interfaces.
Relational DBMS infoThe type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the relational database model.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.49
Rank#260  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score101.16
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#8  Object oriented DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.progress.com/­marklogicwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertypedb.com
Technical documentationtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftMicrosoftVaticle
Initial release20142001199220192016
Current release11.0, December 20221902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 2019cloud service with continuous releases2.28.3, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C++Java
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyes infovia viewsyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL92yes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (IDE)
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
All JVM based languages
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresView functions in JavaScriptyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceno
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Synchronous replication via raft
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID infobut no files for transaction loggingnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003Azure Active Directory Authenticationyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
LokiJSMarkLogicMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
LokiJSMarkLogicMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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