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DBMS > etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. LevelDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­google/­leveldbspark.apache.org/­sqlsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
github.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleApache Software FoundationSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release201120142022
Current release3.4, August 20191.23, February 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++ScalaRust
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnonono
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
Python
R
Scala
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonono
Triggersyes, watching key changesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnononoyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
etcdLevelDBSpark SQLSurrealDB
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