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DBMS > LevelDB vs. SQream DB vs. Sqrrl vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. SQream DB vs. Sqrrl vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.70
Rank#227  Overall
#104  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbsqream.comsqrrl.comdbmx.net/­tkrzwvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.sqream.comdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleSQream TechnologiesAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.Mikio HirabayashiOpenLink Software
Initial release20112017201220201998
Current release1.23, February 20212022.1.6, December 20220.9.3, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaJavaC++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methods.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions in Pythonnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal and vertical partitioningSharding infomaking use of Hadoopnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing specific database classesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)noFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBSQream DBSqrrlTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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LevelDBSQream DBSqrrlTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso
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