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DBMS > LevelDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Teradata Aster vs. VelocityDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. SAP SQL Anywhere vs. Teradata Aster vs. VelocityDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server Anywhere  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDBMS database and synchronization technologies for server, desktop, remote office, and mobile environmentsPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.95
Rank#80  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#354  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#15  Object oriented DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sql-anywhere.htmlvelocitydb.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_SQL_Anywherevelocitydb.com/­UserGuidedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleSAP infoformerly SybaseTeradataVelocityDB IncOpenLink Software
Initial release20111992200520111998
Current release1.23, February 202117, July 20157.x7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C#C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAny that supports .NETAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoin Aster File Storenoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
.NetADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
.Net.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, in C/C++, Java, .Net or PerlR packagesnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersnoyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoDatabase mirroringyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardBased on Windows AuthenticationFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereTeradata AsterVelocityDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
LevelDBSAP SQL Anywhere infoformerly called Adaptive Server AnywhereTeradata AsterVelocityDBVirtuoso
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