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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Postgres-XL vs. Virtuoso vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.postgres-xl.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comvitess.io
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosovitess.io/­docs
DeveloperGoogleOpenLink SoftwareThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20112014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB19982013
Current release1.23, February 202110 R1, October 20187.2.11, September 202315.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CCGo
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infodistributed, parallel query executionyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PLyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoMVCCACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBPostgres-XLVirtuosoVitess
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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LevelDBPostgres-XLVirtuosoVitess
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