DBMS > LevelDB vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. OrigoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Key-value store

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#53	Document stores
	#20	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

origodb.com

rdf4j.org

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

origodb.com/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Google

Robert Friberg et al

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2011

2009

under the name LiveDB

2004

2014

Current release

1.23, February 2021

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net

Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Write ahead log

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role based authorization

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