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DBMS > LevelDB vs. OpenTSDB vs. QuestDB vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. OpenTSDB vs. QuestDB vs. Tkrzw vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenTSDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable Time Series DBMS based on HBaseA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score1.68
Rank#146  Overall
#12  Time Series DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbopentsdb.netquestdb.iodbmx.net/­tkrzwvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdopentsdb.net/­docs/­build/­html/­index.htmlquestdb.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGooglecurrently maintained by Yahoo and other contributorsQuestDB Technology IncMikio HirabayashiOpenLink Software
Initial release20112011201420201998
Current release1.23, February 20210.9.3, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoLGPLOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonumeric data for metrics, strings for tagsyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL with time-series extensionsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API
Telnet API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Erlang
Go
Java
Python
R
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonononoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infobased on HBasehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)noneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneselectable replication factor infobased on HBaseSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infobased on HBaseImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes infousing specific database classesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnononoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBOpenTSDBQuestDBTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto CabinetVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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