DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.45
Rank	#261	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

rdf4j.org

www.sequoiadb.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Google

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2011

2016

2004

2013

2014

Current release

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

proprietary protocol using JSON

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C#
Java
PHP

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

yes

JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

none

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Document is locked during a transaction

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

yes

simple password-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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