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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsravendb.netrdf4j.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsravendb.net/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftHibernating RhinosSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20112016201020042014
Current release1.23, February 20215.4, July 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C#JavaC++, Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language (RQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyesyesJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesMulti-source replicationnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRavenDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTrafodion
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