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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRDF storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.orgwww.sequoiadb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrdf4j.org/­documentationwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=indexdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sequoiadb Ltd.Stardog-Union
Initial release20112016200420132010
Current release1.23, February 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regexyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
proprietary protocol using JSONGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
PHP
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyesJavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnoneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedDocument is locked during a transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesnosimple password-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSequoiadbStardog
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