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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TDengine vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TDengine vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTime Series DBMS and big data platformA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#107  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#330  Overall
#45  Document stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tdengine.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftTDEngine, previously Taos DataJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2011201920192019
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.0, August 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CClojure
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes, via alarm monitoringno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTDengineXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a time-series database designed to help traditional industries overcome...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at Any Scale: With its distributed scalable architecture that grows...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and the Industrial IoT (IIoT) and particularly...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 23,000 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is free, open-source software released under the AGPLv3. TDengine Enterprise...
» more
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LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTDengineXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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