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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Qdrant vs. TimesTen vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Qdrant vs. TimesTen vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonYDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedVector DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#278  Overall
#43  Document stores
#127  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlgithub.com/­ydb-platform/­ydb
ydb.tech
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerqdrant.tech/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1ydb.tech/­en/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftQdrantOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Yandex
Initial release20112019202119982019
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0; commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Rust
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleanyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyesSQL-like query language (YQL)
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQLno
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Collection-level replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Active-passive shard replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency, tunable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationKey-based authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQdrantTimesTenYDB
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