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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. RavenDB vs. searchxml

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Postgres-XL vs. RavenDB vs. searchxml

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonsearchxml  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster featuresOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseDBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application server
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument storeNative XML DBMS
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#254  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.03
Rank#390  Overall
#7  Native XML DBMS
#24  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.orgravendb.netwww.searchxml.net/­category/­products
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentationravendb.net/­docswww.searchxml.net/­support/­handouts
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftHibernating Rhinosinformationpartners gmbh
Initial release201120192014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB20102015
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases10 R1, October 20185.4, July 20221.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla public licenseOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC#C++
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionalityyes
Secondary indexesnoall fields are automatically indexedyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infodistributed, parallel query executionSQL-like query language (RQL)no
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++ infomost other programming languages supported via APIs
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyesyes infoon the application server
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationyes infosychronisation to multiple collections
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoMVCCACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablemultiple readers, single writer
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseDomain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application services

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgres-XLRavenDBsearchxml
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