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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentFully managed big data interactive analytics platformLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.52
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoftSybase, SAP8Kdata
Initial release20112015201919932016
Current release1.23, February 2021V1cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes infousing Azure authenticationAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LevelDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSToroDB
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