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DBMS > LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. OrientDB vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldorientdb.orgquestdb.iordf4j.org
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlquestdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleGoogleOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPQuestDB Technology IncSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20112014201020142004
Current release1.23, February 20212.1.12, February 20173.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScriptJavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustJava
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language, no joinsSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsTinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava, Javascriptnoyes
TriggersnoUsing read-only observersHooksnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infousing MemoryDByes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableno
More information provided by the system vendor
LevelDBLovefieldOrientDBQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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