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DBMS > LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic vs. Spark SQL vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#334  Overall
#148  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.leanxcale.comwww.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.marklogic.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperLeanXcaleMarkLogic Corp.Apache Software FoundationTransaction Software GmbHOpenLink Software
Initial release20152001201419871998
Current release11.0, December 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023Transbase 8.3, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree development licenseOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ScalaC and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptnoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Coreyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LeanXcaleMarkLogicSpark SQLTransbaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
LeanXcaleMarkLogicSpark SQLTransbaseVirtuoso
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