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DBMS > LMDB vs. Qdrant vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison LMDB vs. Qdrant vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonQdrant  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryA high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matchingOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelKey-value storeVector DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score1.16
Rank#175  Overall
#6  Vector DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbgithub.com/­qdrant/­qdrant
qdrant.tech
ravendb.netspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationwww.lmdb.tech/­docqdrant.tech/­documentationravendb.net/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperSymasQdrantHibernating RhinosApache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release20112021201020142010
Current release0.9.32, January 20245.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCRustC#ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateNumbers, Strings, Geo, Booleannoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnoyes infoKeywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-textyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API infoOpenAPI 3.0
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCollection-level replicationMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency, tunable consistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoKey-based authenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
LMDBQdrantRavenDBSpark SQLStardog
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